Xu-Cheng He, Yee Jun Tham, Lubna Dada, Mingyi Wang, Henning Finkenzeller, Dominik Stolzenburg, Siddharth Iyer, Mario Simon, Andreas Kürten, Jiali Shen, Birte Rörup, Matti Rissanen, Siegfried Schobesberger, Rima Baalbaki, Dongyu S. Wang, Theodore K. Koenig, Tuija Jokinen, Nina Sarnela, Lisa J. Beck, João Almeida, Stavros Amanatidis, António Amorim, Farnoush Ataei, Andrea Baccarini, Barbara Bertozzi, Federico Bianchi, Sophia Brilke, Lucía Caudillo, Dexian Chen, Randall Chiu, Biwu Chu, António Dias, Aijun Ding, Josef Dommen, Jonathan Duplissy, Imad El Haddad, Loïc Gonzalez Carracedo, Manuel Granzin, Armin Hansel, Martin Heinritzi, Victoria Hofbauer, Heikki Junninen, Juha Kangasluoma, Deniz Kemppainen, Changhyuk Kim, Weimeng Kong, Jordan E. Krechmer, Aleksander Kvashin, Totti Laitinen, Houssni Lamkaddam, Chuan Ping Lee, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Markus Leiminger, Zijun Li, Vladimir Makhmutov, Hanna E. Manninen, Guillaume Marie, Ruby Marten, Serge Mathot, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Ottmar Möhler, Tatjana Müller, Wei Nie, Antti Onnela, Tuukka Petäjä, Joschka Pfeifer, Maxim Philippov, Ananth Ranjithkumar, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Imre Salma, Wiebke Scholz, Simone Schuchmann, Benjamin Schulze, Gerhard Steiner, Yuri Stozhkov, Christian Tauber, António Tomé, Roseline C. Thakur, Olli Väisänen, Miguel Vazquez-Pufleau, Andrea C. Wagner, Yonghong Wang, Stefan K. Weber, Paul M. Winkler, Yusheng Wu, Mao Xiao, Chao Yan, Qing Ye, Arttu Ylisirniö, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Qiaozhi Zha, Putian Zhou, Richard C. Flagan, Joachim Curtius, Urs Baltensperger, Markku Kulmala, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Theo Kurtén, Neil M. Donahue, Rainer Volkamer, Jasper Kirkby, Douglas R. Worsnop, Mikko Sipilä.
Science 05 Feb 2021: Vol. 371, Issue 6529, pp. 589-595 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe0298, 2021.
Abstract:
Iodic acid (HIO3) is known to form aerosol particles in coastal marine regions, but predicted nucleation and growth rates are lacking. Using the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber, we find that the nucleation rates of HIO3 particles are rapid, even exceeding sulfuric acid–ammonia rates under similar conditions. We also find that ion-induced nucleation involves IO3− and the sequential addition of HIO3 and that it proceeds at the kinetic limit below +10°C. In contrast, neutral nucleation involves the repeated sequential addition of iodous acid (HIO2) followed by HIO3, showing that HIO2 plays a key stabilizing role. Freshly formed particles are composed almost entirely of HIO3, which drives rapid particle growth at the kinetic limit. Our measurements indicate that iodine oxoacid particle formation can compete with sulfuric acid in pristine regions of the atmosphere.